https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2019.347

Psicothema, 2020.Vol. 32 (nº 3). 322-328

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David Sánchez-Teruel¹, María Auxiliadora Robles-Bello², and José Antonio Camacho-Conde³

Background: Suicide has become a major global public health problem in some clinical subpopulations. Adolescents and young adults with self-inflicted injuries or non-suicidal self-harm appear to have been understudied. The aim of this study is to assess which socio-demographic and prior co-morbid psychopathology condition variables in adolescents and young adults with self-inflicted lesions are likely to be more predictive of future self-injury after 12 months.  Method: The eligible participants were 176 people (99 women and 77 men) aged 15-25 (mean = 20.3; SD = 4.56) who were subsequently divided into two groups (those who had been admitted again for self-inflicted injuries or non-suicidal self-harm (104; 59.1%), and those who had not (72; 40.9%) during the following 12 months. Results: The results obtained offer (i) a specific socio-demographic profile in which women (OR [CI95%] = 6.22[6.03-7.11]) aged 21-22 (OR [CI95%] = 4.71[4.29- 5.73]) who are students (OR [CI95%] = 2.99 [1.58-6.01]) are likely to inflict a new self-injury on themselves after 12 months, and (ii) a clear clinical profile where several afflictions are predictors of a new self-injury after 12 months. Conclusions: We discuss the urgent need to develop specific health protocols and improve public health alert measures for certain subpopulations.

Lesiones autoinfligidas en adolescentes y jóvenes: un enfoque longitudinal. Antecedentes: el suicidio se ha convertido en un verdadero problema de salud pública mundial en algunas subpoblaciones clínicas. Los adolescentes y adultos jóvenes con lesiones autoinfligidas o autolesiones no suicidas parecen haber sido poco estudiados. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar qué variables sociodemográficas y comorbilidad psicopatológica previa en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes con lesiones autoinfligidas son más propensas a predecir una autolesión futura después de 12 meses. Método: 176 personas (99 mujeres y 77 hombres) de entre 15 y 25 años (media = 20.3; DE = 4.56) divididos en dos grupos: los ingresados nuevamente por lesiones autoinfligidas o autolesiones no suicidas (104; 59,1%) y aquellos que no lo hicieron (72; 40,9%) durante los siguientes 12 meses. Resultados: los resultados ofrecen (i) un perfil sociodemográfico específico caracterizado por mujeres (OR [CI95%] = 6.22 [6.03-7.11]) de 21 a 22 años (OR [CI95%] = 4.71 [4.29-5.73]) y estudiantes (OR [CI95%] = 2.99 [1.58-6.01]) que pueden autoinfligirse una nueva autolesión después de 12 meses, y (ii) un perfil de comorbilidades psicopatológicas previas claras donde varios trastornos son predictores de una nueva autolesión después de 12 meses. Conclusiones: discutimos la urgencia de desarrollar protocolos de salud específicos y mejorar las medidas de alerta de salud pública para ciertas subpoblaciones.