Psicothema was founded in Asturias (northern Spain) in 1989, and is published jointly by the Psychology Faculty of the University of Oviedo and the Psychological Association of the Principality of Asturias (Colegio Oficial de Psicología del Principado de Asturias).
We currently publish four issues per year, which accounts for some 100 articles annually. We admit work from both the basic and applied research fields, and from all areas of Psychology, all manuscripts being anonymously reviewed prior to publication.
Jesús Henares-Montiel1, Isabel Ruiz-Pérez1, Guadalupe Pastor-Moreno2, Antonio F. Hernández3, and Miguel Rodríguez-Barranco1
Background: Periods of financial crisis are associated with higher psychological stress in the population and greater use of mental health services. This paper analyses the individual and contextual factors associated with mental health in the Spanish population in 2006, 2012 and 2017. Method: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study at three timepoints: before (2006), during (2012) and after the recession (2017). The study population comprised individuals aged 16+ years old, polled for the National Health Survey. Dependent variable: psychiatric morbidity (PM). Independent variables: 1) Individual socio-economic variables: (socio-demographic and psycho-social variables) and 2) contextual socio-economic variables (financial, public welfare services and labour market indicators). Multilevel logistic regression models with mixed effects were constructed to determine changes in PM in relation to the variables studied. Results: Among women, the risk of PM increased when per capita health spending decreased and the percentage of temporary workers increased. The risk for men and women was lower when the employment rate decreased and the unemployment rate increased. Conclusions: It is possible that not only unemployment but also insecure employment entails a risk to mental health and that much of the employment created no longer guarantees basic levels of security it had achieved in previous decades.
Cambios en la Situación Laboral e Indicadores Macroeconómicos Relacionados con la Salud Mental Tras la Recesión en España: un Enfoque Multi-nivel. Antecedentes: las crisis económicas se asocian con mayor estrés psicológico y mayor uso de los Servicios de Salud mental. Este estudio analiza los factores individuales y contextuales asociados con la salud mental en España durante 2006, 2012 y 2017. Método: estudio transversal de tres periodos: antes (2006), durante (2012) y después de la recesión (2017). Se incluyó a los individuos de 16+ años entrevistados en la Encuesta Nacional de Salud. Variable dependiente: morbilidad psíquica (MP). Variables independientes: 1) socio-económicas individuales: (socio-demográficas y psicosociales) y 2) socio-económicas contextuales (indicadores económicos, servicios públicos y mercado laboral). Se construyeron modelos de regresión logística multinivel con efectos mixtos para determinar los cambios en la MP en relación a las variables estudiadas. Resultados: el riesgo de MP en mujeres aumentó con la disminución del gasto en salud per cápita y el aumento del porcentaje de trabajadores temporales. El riesgo disminuyó en hombres y mujeres con la disminución de la tasa de empleo y el aumento de la tasa de desempleo. Conclusiones: es posible que no solo el desempleo sino también la inseguridad laboral conlleve riesgo para la salud mental y que gran parte del empleo actual no garantice los niveles de seguridad de décadas anteriores.
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ENGLISH
https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2020.394