INFORMATION

Psicothema was founded in Asturias (northern Spain) in 1989, and is published jointly by the Psychology Faculty of the University of Oviedo and the Psychological Association of the Principality of Asturias (Colegio Oficial de Psicología del Principado de Asturias).
We currently publish four issues per year, which accounts for some 100 articles annually. We admit work from both the basic and applied research fields, and from all areas of Psychology, all manuscripts being anonymously reviewed prior to publication.

PSICOTHEMA
  • Director: Laura E. Gómez Sánchez
  • Frequency:
         February | May | August | November
  • ISSN: 0214-9915
  • Digital Edition:: 1886-144X
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  • Address: Ildelfonso Sánchez del Río, 4, 1º B
    33001 Oviedo (Spain)
  • Phone: 985 285 778
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Epigenetics and its implications for Psychology

Héctor González-Pardo and Marino Pérez Álvarez

Universidad de Oviedo

Background: Epigenetics is changing the widely accepted linear conception of genome function by explaining how environmental and psychological factors regulate the activity of our genome without involving changes in the DNA sequence. Research has identified epigenetic mechanisms mediating between environmental and psychological factors that contribute to normal and abnormal behavioral development. Method: the emerging field of epigenetics as related to psychology is reviewed. Results: the relationship between genes and behavior is reconsidered in terms of epigenetic mechanisms acting after birth and not only prenatally, as traditionally held. Behavioral epigenetics shows that our behavior could have long-term effects on the regulation of the genome function. In addition, epigenetic mechanisms would be related to psychopathology, as in the case of schizophrenia. In the latter case, it would be especially relevant to consider epigenetic factors such as life adversities (trauma, disorganized attachment, etc.) as related to its clinical manifestations, rather than genetic factors. Moreover, epigenetics implies overcoming classical dualist dichotomies such as nature-nurture, genotype-phenotype or pathogenesis-pathoplasty. Conclusions: In general, it can be stated that behavior and environment will finally take on a leading role in human development through epigenetic mechanisms.

La epigenética y sus implicaciones para la Psicología. Antecedentes: la epigenética está cambiando la concepción lineal que se suele tener de la genética al mostrar cómo eventos ambientales y psicológicos regulan la actividad de nuestro genoma sin implicar modificación en la secuencia de ADN. La investigación ha identificado mecanismos epigenéticos que juegan un papel mediador entre eventos ambientales y psicológicos y el desarrollo normal y alterado. Método: el artículo revisa el campo emergente de la epigenética y sus implicaciones para la psicología. Resultados: entre sus implicaciones destacan la reconsideración de la relación entre genes y conducta en términos de procesos epigenéticos que acontecen a lo largo de la vida y no solo prenatalmente como se asumía. La epigenética conductual muestra que nuestra conducta puede tener efectos a largo plazo sobre la función genómica. Otra implicación concierne a la psicopatología, señaladamente a la esquizofrenia. Más que de causas genéticas, habría que hablar de mediadores epigenéticos entre las adversidades de la vida (trauma, apego desorganizado) y formas clínicas. Asimismo, la epigenética implica la superación de dicotomías dualistas como herencia-medio, genotipo-fenotipo y patogenia-patoplastia. Conclusiones: en general, se puede decir que la conducta y el ambiente asumirán finalmente un papel protagonista en el desarrollo humano mediante mecanismos epigenéticos.

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