Psicothema was founded in Asturias (northern Spain) in 1989, and is published jointly by the Psychology Faculty of the University of Oviedo and the Psychological Association of the Principality of Asturias (Colegio Oficial de Psicología del Principado de Asturias).
We currently publish four issues per year, which accounts for some 100 articles annually. We admit work from both the basic and applied research fields, and from all areas of Psychology, all manuscripts being anonymously reviewed prior to publication.
Psicothema, 2009. Vol. Vol. 21 (nº 3). 353-358
Concepción López-Soler, Maravillas Castro Sáez, Mavi Alcántara López, Visitación Fernández Fernández y José A. López Pina
Universidad de Murcia
En este trabajo se exponen las características de los síndromes empíricos de tipo externalizante, así como su prevalencia en una muestra clínica pediátrica. Se utilizó como instrumento el Inventario Clínico Infantil (ICI), basado en la segunda parte del Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), que evalúa comportamientos y emociones. Se ha aplicado a 300 niños y niñas de edades comprendidas entre los 6 y 12 años, de la Unidad de Psicología Clínica Infantil del Hospital Universitario de Murcia. Mediante la realización de un análisis factorial se han obtenido tres síndromes empíricos equivalentes a los tres trastornos del comportamiento perturbador: Disocial, Oposicionismo-Desafiante y Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad. Se han obtenido diferentes prevalencias estimadas a partir de puntuaciones propias de la muestra (18,1%, 18,5% y 14,5%, respectivamente); y de las correspondientes al percentil 98 del CBCL (44%, 28,3% y 40,6%). No hay diferencias entre niños y niñas en Problemas de Conducta (Disocial), mientras que es superior en niños en Oposicionismo-Desafiante. En Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad los niños presentan una prevalencia más alta que las niñas según corrección CBCL (49,3% y 34,3%), mientras que más niñas presentan este problema mediante el síndrome empírico hallado en la muestra clínica (19,8% frente a 12,2% niños).
Prevalence and characteristics of externalizing symptoms in childhood. Gender differences. This report shows the characteristics of the empirical type externalizing syndromes, and the diagnostic prevalence rates in a clinic pediatric sample. The instrument used was the Clinical Child Inventory (ICI) that is based on the second part of the Child Behavior Checklist, to assess behavior and emotions. It was carried out by 300 subjects (males and females, aged 6 to 12 of the Clinical Child Psychology Unit of University Hospital of Murcia, from the consultation pediatric hospital. By conducing factor analysis, three externalizing syndromes that are equal to three disruptive behavior disorders were found: dissocial, oppositional defiant and Attention-deficit/hyperactivity. It has been obtained different prevalences estimated from punctuation obtained from our sample (18.1; 18.5 and 14.5 respectively); and the score equal to 98 percentile of CBCL (44%; 28,3% y 40,6%). The results indicate that there are not differences between boys and girls in dissocial disorders; while the oppositional defiant disorder is more prevalent in boys than in girls. About Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, it was found that is more prevalent in boys than in girls using CBCL (49,3% and 34,3%), and more prevalent in girls than in boys using empirical syndrome obtained in this clinic sample (19,8% girls, 12,2% boys).